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Patent Pending Shielding reduces the intensity of radiation depending on the thickness. This is an exponential relationship with gradually diminishing effect as equal slices of shielding material are added. A quantity known as the halving-thicknesses is used to calculate this. For example, a practical shield in a fallout shelter with ten halving-thicknesses of packed dirt, which is 90 cm (3 ft) reduces gamma rays to 1/1024 of their original intensity (1/2 multiplied by itself ten times).