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Patent Pending In genetics, an enhancer is a short (50-1500 bp) region of DNA that can be bound with proteins (activators) to activate transcription of a gene or transcription.[1][2] These proteins are usually referred to as transcription factors. Enhancers are generally cis-acting, located up to 1 Mbp (1,000,000 bp) away from the gene and can be upstream or downstream from the start site, and either in the forward or backward direction.