Agrobacterium tumefaciens

Patent Granted Agrobacterium tumefaciens (updated scientific name: Rhizobium radiobacter)[2][3] is the causal agent of crown gall disease (the formation of tumours) in over 140 species of eudicots. It is a rod-shaped, Gram-negative soil bacterium.[1] Symptoms are caused by the insertion of a small segment of DNA (known as the T-DNA, for 'transfer DNA'), from a plasmid, into the plant cell,[4] which is incorporated at a semi-random location into the plant genome.