Substance dependence also known as drug dependence is an adaptive state that develops from repeated drug administration, and which results in withdrawal upon cessation of drug use.[1][2] A drug add...
Sodium bicarbonate cotransporter
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a lentivirus (a subgroup of retrovirus) that causes HIV infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).[1][2] AIDS is a condition in humans in whi...
Ankyrins are a family of adaptor proteins that mediate the attachment of integral membrane proteins to the spectrin-actin based membrane cytoskeleton.[2] Ankyrins have binding sites for the beta su...
Notch (DSL) proteins are a family of transmembrane proteins with repeated extracellular EGF domains and the notch (or DSL) domains. These proteins are involved in lateral inhibition in embryogenesi...
Estrogen receptor beta (ER-β), also known as NR3A2 (nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group A, member 2), is one of two main types of estrogen receptor, a nuclear receptor which is activated by the sex...
Unlike peripheral nervous system injury, injury to the central nervous system is not followed by extensive regeneration. It is limited by the inhibitory influences of the glial and extracellular en...
Stem cells are undifferentiated biological cells that can differentiate into specialized cells and can divide (through mitosis) to produce more stem cells. They are found in multicellular organisms...
Granulocytes are a category of white blood cells characterized by the presence of granules in their cytoplasm.[1] They are also called polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN, PML, or PMNL) because of th...
Binuclear iron catalysts
Neoplasm (from Ancient Greek νέος- neo "new" and πλάσμα plasma "formation, creation") is an abnormal growth of tissue, and when also forming a mass is commonly referred to as a tumor or tumour.[1][...
In enzymology, a lysine-tRNA ligase (EC 6.1.1.6) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction ATP + L-lysine + tRNALys \rightleftharpoons AMP + diphosphate + L-lysyl-tRNALys The 3 substrat...
Whilst Dosimetry in its original sense is the measurement of the absorbed dose delivered by ionizing radiation, the term is better known as a scientific sub-specialty in the fields of health physic...
Intracellular protein transport
Chloride channel Kb, also known as CLCNKB, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the CLCNKB gene.[1][2] Chloride channel Kb (CLCNKB) is a member of the CLC family of voltage-gated chloride ...
Neutrophil granulocytes (also known as neutrophils) are the most abundant (40% to 75%) type of white blood cells in mammals and form an essential part of the innate immune system. They are forme...
Immunosuppression involves an act that reduces the activation or efficacy of the immune system. Some portions of the immune system itself have immunosuppressive effects on other parts of the immune...
Mature sperm selection
Immune response enhancement
Sodium channels are integral membrane proteins that form ion channels, conducting sodium ions (Na+) through a cell's plasma membrane.[1][2] They are classified according to the trigger that opens t...
