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特許 権利維持 Aquaporins are integral membrane proteins from a larger family of major intrinsic proteins (MIP) that form pores in the membrane of biological cells.[1] Genetic defects involving aquaporin genes have been associated with several human diseases.[2][3] The 2003 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded jointly to Peter Agre for the discovery of aquaporins,[4] and Roderick MacKinnon for his work on the structure and mechanism of potassium channels.