Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) is a medical treatment replacing an enzyme in patients in whom that particular enzyme is deficient or absent. Usually this is done by giving the patient an intraven...
The enzyme urate oxidase (UO), or uricase or factor-independent urate hydroxylase, absent in humans, catalyzes the oxidation of uric acid to 5-hydroxyisourate:[1] Uric acid + O2 + H2O → 5-hydrox...
Heart failure (HF), often used to mean chronic heart failure (CHF), occurs when the heart is unable to pump sufficiently to maintain blood flow to meet the needs of the body.[1][2][3] The terms con...
T cells or T lymphocytes are a type of lymphocyte (itself a type of white blood cell) that play a central role in cell-mediated immunity. They can be distinguished from other lymphocytes, such as B...
Analyte detection
Biomolecule-polymer conjugates
Substance dependence, commonly called drug addiction, is a compulsive need to use drugs in order to function normally. When such substances are unobtainable, the user suffers from withdrawal.[1] ΔF...
Spectroscopy /spɛkˈtrɒskəpi/ is the study of the interaction between matter and radiated energy.[1][2] Historically, spectroscopy originated through the study of visible light dispersed according t...
Beam steering (also spelled beamsteering or beam-steering) is about changing the direction of the main lobe of a radiation pattern. In radio systems, beam steering may be accomplished by switchi...
Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is an adjunctive treatment for certain types of intractable epilepsy and treatment-resistant depression.
Anti-lipid antibodies
Blood-flow decrease prevention
Chemotherapy (often abbreviated to chemo and sometimes CTX or CTx) is a category of cancer treatment that uses chemical substances, especially one or more anti-cancer drugs (chemotherapeutic agents...
An optical isolator, or optical diode, is an optical component which allows the transmission of light in only one direction. It is typically used to prevent unwanted feedback into an optical oscill...
While sour taste has historically been regarded as the domain of ion channels, receptors for sour taste are now being proposed. HCN1 and HCN4 (HCN channels) were two such proposals; both of these r...
Beta adrenergic receptor
An autoantibody is an antibody (a type of protein) by the immune system that is directed against one or more of the individual's own proteins. Many autoimmune diseases, notably lupus erythematosus,...
HIV-1 is the most common and pathogenic strain of the virus. Scientists divide HIV-1 into a major group (Group M) and two or more minor groups. Each group is believed to represent an independent tr...
Glycogen storage disease type II (also called Pompe disease /ˈpɒmpə/ or acid maltase deficiency) is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder[1] which damages muscle and nerve cells throughout the ...
