Hemoglobinopathy is a kind of genetic defect that results in abnormal structure of one of the globin chains of the hemoglobin molecule.[1] Hemoglobinopathies are inherited single-gene disorders; in...
Poliovirus is a natural neuropathogen, making it the obvious choice for selective replication in tumours derived from neuronal cells. Poliovirus has a plus-strand RNA genome, the translation of whi...
Inducing neutralizing antibodies to HIV
Combination therapy or polytherapy is therapy that uses more than one medication or modality (versus monotherapy, which is any therapy taken alone). Typically, these terms refer to using multiple t...
Treating lung diseases
xRegulation of gene expression includes a wide range of mechanisms that are used by cells to increase or decrease the production of specific gene products (protein or RNA), and is informally termed...
Increasing perfusion in hypoxic regions
Olfactory receptors expressed in the cell membranes of olfactory receptor neurons are responsible for the detection of odor molecules. Activated olfactory receptors are the initial player in a sign...
The enzyme urate oxidase (UO), or uricase or factor-independent urate hydroxylase, absent in humans, catalyzes the oxidation of uric acid to 5-hydroxyisourate:[1] Uric acid + O2 + H2O → 5-hydroxyis...
The enzyme urate oxidase (UO), or uricase or factor-independent urate hydroxylase, absent in humans, catalyzes the oxidation of uric acid to 5-hydroxyisourate:[1] Uric acid + O2 + H2O → 5-hydrox...
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a common complication following an allogeneic tissue transplant. It is commonly associated with stem cell or bone marrow transplant but the term also applies to ...
Multiscale telescopic imaging
Nonfouling surface coating
Neurotensin receptor type 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NTSR1 gene.[1][2] For a crystal structure of NTS1, see pdb code 4GRV. Neurotensin receptor 1 belongs to the large superf...
Specific mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase gene IDH1 have been found in several brain tumors including astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma and glioblastoma multiforme, with mutations found in ne...
Optical system based on objective lens
Cardiac dysfunction
Preterm birth (Latin: partus praetemporaneus or partus praematurus) is the birth of a baby of less than 37 weeks gestational age; such a baby is sometimes referred to as a "preemie" or "premmie", d...
Broadly Neutralizing HIV-1 Antibodies (bNAbs) are neutralizing antibodies which neutralize multiple HIV-1 viral strains.[1] In contrast, non-bNAbs are specific for individual viral strains. The dis...
HIV-1 is the most common and pathogenic strain of the virus. Scientists divide HIV-1 into a major group (Group M) and two or more minor groups. Each group is believed to represent an independent tr...
