The interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL1RN gene.[1][2] IL-1RA was initially called the IL-1 inhibitor and was discovered separately in 198...
HIV-1 is the most common and pathogenic strain of the virus. Scientists divide HIV-1 into a major group (Group M) and two or more minor groups. Each group is believed to represent an independent tr...
Neisseria meningitidis, often referred to as meningococcus, is a gram negative bacterium that can cause meningitis and other forms of meningococcal disease such as meningococcemia, a life-threateni...
Neisseria gonorrhoeae/Neisseria meningitidis
A proinflammatory cytokine is a cytokine which promotes systemic inflammation. Examples include IL-1[1] and TNF alpha.[2] As well as other pro-inflammatory cytokines including Interleukin 1 (IL)...
Amiloride is a potassium-sparing diuretic, first approved for use in 1967 (then known as MK 870), used in the management of hypertension and congestive heart failure. Amiloride was also tested as t...
Polyimide (sometimes abbreviated PI) is a polymer of imide monomers. Polyimides have been in mass production since 1955. With their high heat-resistance, polyimides enjoy diverse applications in ap...
Neisseria gonorrhoeae, also known as gonococci (plural), or gonococcus (singular), is a species of Gram-negative coffee bean-shaped diplococci bacteria responsible for the sexually transmitted infe...
NF-κB is important in regulating cellular responses because it belongs to the category of "rapid-acting" primary transcription factors, i.e., transcription factors that are present in cells in an i...
A multi-chip module (MCM) is generically an electronic assembly (such as a package with a number of conductor terminals or ``pins") where multiple integrated circuits (ICs), semiconductor dies and/...
Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) can be used to produce a synthetic diamond by creating the circumstances necessary for carbon atoms in a gas to settle on a substrate in crystalline form. CVD pro...
A fluoropolymer is a fluorocarbon-based polymer with multiple strong carbon–fluorine bonds. It is characterized by a high resistance to solvents, acids, and bases.
Cholesterol is susceptible to oxidation and easily forms oxygenated derivatives known as oxysterols. Three different mechanisms can form these; autoxidation, secondary oxidation to lipid peroxidati...
Neoplasm (from Ancient Greek νέος- neo "new" and πλάσμα plasma "formation, creation"), is an abnormal growth of tissue, and when also forming a mass is commonly referred to as a tumor or tumour.[1]...
xPlatelets, also called "thrombocytes", are a component of blood whose function (along with the coagulation factors) is to stop bleeding by clumping and clogging blood vessel injuries. [1] Platelet...
Dopamine receptors are a class of G protein-coupled receptors that are prominent in the vertebrate central nervous system (CNS). The neurotransmitter dopamine is the primary endogenous ligand for d...
Electrode sensor to measure nitric oxide concentration
Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is an interleukin that acts as both a pro-inflammatory cytokine and an anti-inflammatory myokine. In humans, it is encoded by the IL6 gene.[1] IL-6 is secreted by T cells an...
An inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is a type of plasma source in which the energy is supplied by electric currents which are produced by electromagnetic induction, that is, by time-varying magneti...
