Ischemia, also spelled as ischaemia or ischæmia[a] (/ɪˈskiːmiə/[1][2]), is a restriction in blood supply to tissues,[3] causing a shortage of oxygen and glucose needed for cellular metabolism (to k...
Cell engrafting
Viral vectors are tools commonly used by molecular biologists to deliver genetic material into cells. This process can be performed inside a living organism (in vivo) or in cell culture (in vitro)....
Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), also called somatomedin C, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IGF1 gene.[1][2] IGF-1 has also been referred to as a "sulfation factor"[3] and its ef...
Sodium channels are integral membrane proteins that form ion channels, conducting sodium ions (Na+) through a cell's plasma membrane.[1][2] They are classified according to the trigger that opens t...
Cancer Listeni/ˈkænsər/, also known as a malignant tumor or malignant neoplasm, is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the bo...
Adeno-associated virus (AAV) is a small virus which infects humans and some other primate species. AAV is not currently known to cause disease. The virus causes a very mild immune response, lending...
In biochemistry, a kinase is a type of enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of phosphate groups from high-energy, phosphate-donating molecules to specific substrates. This process is known as phospho...
A taste receptor is a type of receptor which facilitates the sensation of taste. When food or other substances enter the mouth, molecules interact with saliva and are bound to taste receptors in th...
Optical nerve stimulation
Pharmaceutical nanoparticles
Nano-metallic alloy delivery to infected cells
DNA damage is an alteration in the chemical structure of DNA, such as a break in a strand of DNA, a base missing from the backbone of DNA, or a chemically changed base such as 8-OHdG. Damage to DNA...
RNA stabilization
Beta cells (β cells) are a type of cell in the pancreas located in the islets of Langerhans. They make up 65-80% of the cells in the islets. The primary function of a beta cell is to store and rel...
Nucleic acid analysis
In biology, histones are highly alkaline proteins found in eukaryotic cell nuclei that package and order the DNA into structural units called nucleosomes.[1][2] They are the chief protein component...
Nitric oxide for enhancing efficacy of wound healing agents
Evaluating risk of mortality
