Oftentimes, cancer occurs when several different pathways that regulate cell differentiation are disturbed. Autophagy plays an important role in cancer – both in protecting against cancer as well a...
Cystic fibrosis (CF), also known as mucoviscidosis, is a genetic disorder that affects mostly the lungs but also the pancreas, liver, kidneys and intestine.[1][2] Long-term issues include difficult...
Particle introduction/recovery
Arthritis (from Greek arthro-, joint + -itis, inflammation; plural: arthritides) is a form of joint disorder that involves inflammation of one or more joints.[1][2] There are over 100 different for...
Microfluidics is a multidisciplinary field intersecting engineering, physics, chemistry, biochemistry, nanotechnology, and biotechnology, with practical applications to the design of systems in whi...
Irrigation of dental root canal
Imaging agents are chemicals designed to allow clinicians to determine whether a mass is benign or malignant and locate metastatic cancer sites in the body.
In-situ leaching of copper was done by the Chinese by 977 AD, and perhaps as early as 177 BC.[2] Copper is usually leached using acid (sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid), then recovered from solut...
Rare earth-doped sapphire films
Cholesterol, from the Ancient Greek chole- (bile) and stereos (solid) followed by the chemical suffix -ol for an alcohol, is an organic molecule. It is a sterol (or modified steroid),[4] a lipid mo...
An antimicrobial is an agent that kills microorganisms or inhibits their growth.[1] Antimicrobial medicines can be grouped according to the microorganisms they act primarily against.
Lipid particle delivery
Chronic cardiac allograft rejection
Claudin-5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN5 gene.[1][2][3] It belongs to the group of claudins. This gene encodes a member of the claudin family. Claudins are integral membrane p...
Electron density is a major factor in determining which C-H bond is most activated, and hence most reactive toward C-H functionalization reactions. Typically, the C-H bond that is most electron ric...
Stable compositions for formulating therapeutic agents
Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) is a means of converting nitrogen oxides, also referred to as NO x with the aid of a catalyst into diatomic nitrogen, N 2, and water, H 2O. A gaseous reductan...
Inflammation (Latin, inflammatio) is part of the complex biological response of vascular tissues to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants.
Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is a family of electrokinetic separation methods performed in submillimeter capillaries and in micro- and nanofluidic channels. Very often, CE refers to capillary zon...
Endocrine tumors
