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Patent Pending Coronary artery disease (CAD) also known as atherosclerotic heart disease,[1] atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease,[2] coronary heart disease,[3] or ischemic heart disease (IHD),[4] is the most common type of heart disease and cause of heart attacks.[5] The disease is caused by plaque building up along the inner walls of the arteries of the heart, which narrows the arteries and reduces blood flow to the heart.