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Patent Granted Pythiosis is a form of infectious disease caused by Pythium insidiosum. It occurs most commonly in dogs and horses, but is also found in cats, cattle, and humans.[1] The disease is typically found in young, large breed dogs.[2] Pythium occupies swamps in late summer and infects dogs who drink water containing it. Pythium insidiosum is different from other members of the genus in that human and horse hair, skin, and decaying animal and plant tissue are chemoattractants for its zoospores.