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Patent Pending The hydraulic cylinder consists of a hollow cylindrical tube along which a piston can slide. The term double acting is used when pressure is applied on each side of the piston. A difference in pressure between the two side of the piston results in motion of piston to either side. The term single acting is used when the fluid pressure is applied to just one side of the piston. The piston can move in only one direction, a spring being frequently used to give the piston a return stroke.