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Patent Pending Second messengers are intracellular signaling molecules released by the cell to trigger physiological changes such as proliferation, differentiation, migration, survival, and apoptosis. Secondary messengers are therefore one of the initiating components of intracellular signal transduction cascades. Examples of second messenger molecules include Cyclic AMP, Cyclic GMP, Inositol Triphosphate, Diacylglycerol, and Calcium.