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Patent Granted Insulin (medication) is the use of insulin and similar proteins as a medication to treat disease. Insulin comes in a number of different types including short acting (such as regular insulin) and long acting (such as NPH insulin). Insulin is used to treat a number of disease including diabetes and its acute complications such as diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic states.[1] It is also used along with glucose to treat high blood potassium levels.