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Patent Pending Beta cells (β cells) are a type of cell in the pancreas located in the islets of Langerhans. They make up 65-80% of the cells in the islets. The primary function of a beta cell is to store and release insulin. Insulin is a hormone that brings about effects which reduce blood glucose concentration. Beta cells can respond quickly to spikes in blood glucose concentrations by secreting some of their stored insulin while simultaneously producing more.